Does Male Skin Care Content on Instagram Neglect Skin Cancer Prevention?

This research letter assesses male skin care content on social media in order to bring to light the lack of content regarding skin cancer prevention posted on Instagram for male audiences.

Worldwide Distribution and Extracutaneous Manifestations of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura in Adults: Narrative Review.

BACKGROUND: Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP), a leukocytoclastic small vessel vasculitis, exhibits both cutaneous and systemic manifestations. While predominantly observed in childhood, it may manifest in adults with more pronounced systemic involvement. Furthermore, HSP is a global phenomenon showcasing epidemiological and systemic variances. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to scrutinize extracutaneous manifestations in adults with HSP, discerning distinctions according to geographical regions on a worldwide scale. METHODS: A comprehensive search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science was executed, covering papers published from January 1, 1970, to December 1, 2019. Keywords used included "Henoch-Schönlein purpura," "henoch schonlein purpura+adult," "IgA vasculitis+adult," "HSP+adult," and "IgAV." A total of 995 publications were identified, from which 42 studies encompassing 4064 patients were selected, with a predominant focus on cases reported in Asia, Europe, and the Americas. RESULTS: Among adults afflicted with HSP, European patients exhibited a higher propensity for male predominance (P<.001), gastrointestinal involvement (P<.001), and musculoskeletal complications (P<.001). Conversely, patients from the Americas were least likely to experience genitourinary involvement (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: HSP demonstrates a variance in distribution and extracutaneous manifestations within distinct geographical boundaries. In the adult population, European patients exhibited a higher prevalence of male gender and gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal involvement. Asian patients were more predisposed to genitourinary involvement when compared to their American counterparts. The establishment of prospective studies using standardized reporting measures is imperative to validate the relationships unveiled in this investigation.

Tocilizumab Treatment in COVID-19 Patients: Comparing Cutaneous Disease and Adverse Drug Effects.

Actemra (tocilizumab) received emergency use authorization for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in June 2021. Literature has linked numerous cutaneous adverse effects to tocilizumab. In this current survey, investigators reviewed and compared these adverse effects to the common cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19. While similarities in patient presentation exist, important distinctions are made to aid dermatologists in their clinical diagnosis.  J Drugs Dermatol. 2023;22(12):e42-e43.     doi:10.36849/JDD.6532e.

Nirmatrelvir-ritonivir, COVID-19, and possible adverse cutaneous reactions.

Nirmatrelvir-ritonivir (Paxlovid) recently received emergency use authorization for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Literature has linked numerous cutaneous adverse effects to nirmatrelvir and ritonavir, the copackaged tablets within Paxlovid. A review and comparison of these adverse effects to the common cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 is provided. Numerous drug-to-drug interactions exist between nirmatrelvir-ritonivir and commonly-used medications within dermatology.

Monkeypox Vaccination and Cutaneous Considerations for the Dermatologist.

Monkeypox has infected over 18,000 individuals in the United States since the first reported case on May 17, 2022.1 Monkeypox is a variola poxvirus that is related to smallpox, but monkeypox symptoms (fever, painful vesicular or pustular rash, and lymphadenopathy) are milder and fatalities are rare.

An Analysis of Alopecia Related Content on Instagram and TikTok.

BACKGROUND: Social media platforms continue to grow in popularity and have become common sources of medical information and education for patients struggling with hair loss. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the characteristics of popular hair loss related content on Instagram and TikTok. METHODS: The top 9 most popular posts within 10 hair loss related hashtags on Instagram and TikTok were analyzed. Quantitative and qualitative analysis was used to evaluate posts from December 2020. The characteristic of the author, content category, and number of likes were analyzed for each post. RESULTS: Of 90 posts analyzed within Instagram, non-medical professional influencers created 66%, hair and wig companies created 29%, and medical professionals created 4%. Of 100 posts analyzed within TikTok, influencers created 38%, patients created 38%, hair and wig companies created 14%, and medical professionals created 10%. None of the top posts was created by board-certified dermatologists. LIMITATIONS: This study was limited by the extent of data that can be collected from Instagram and TikTok. CONCLUSIONS: A majority of the content promoted hair care products, services, or treatments not substantiated by evidence-based medicine. Instagram and TikTok provide new opportunities for dermatologists to educate the general population on alopecia while simultaneously correcting misinformation. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022;21(12):1316-1321. doi:10.36849/JDD.6707.

Mental health and sleep habits during preclinical years of medical school.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this non interventional study was to define changes in anxiety, depression, and sleep quality of medical students in their first two years of medical school while considering potential risk factors of self-reported chronic disease, sleep quantity, year of medical school and exercise habits. Since this study was ongoing during the COVID-19 pandemic, its effect was also evaluated. PARTICIPANTS: /METHODS: A cohort of 197 medical students was evaluated longitudinally using survey methods to quantify changes from pre-medical school and summer break to each semester in medical school throughout years one and two. This study was performed from July 2019 through June 2021. Data was analyzed using Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs) on the numeric responses of General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Sleep Quality (SQ-3) and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Additional assessments evaluated exercise habits, chronic disease, and impact of COVID-19 Pandemic. The COVID-19 Pandemic was evaluated directly in the model (pre- and post-COVID-19 period variable), and through additional questions on their perceived effect. RESULTS: Depression, anxiety, and sleep habits displayed a cyclical change that was associated with the academic/seasonal cycle. The COVID-19 pandemic was never found significant. Medical students who had a chronic disease diagnosis and fewer hours of sleep had increased severity. Exercise did not play a role. CONCLUSION: Based on our sample, the main driver for depression, anxiety, and poor sleep quality appears to be the academic/seasonal cycle, while the COVID-19 pandemic did not have an impact on mental health.

Sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data in dermatologic studies and opportunities for inclusion.

Dermatologists serve a vast array of patients with unique backgrounds. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) designated members of sexual and gender minorities as underrepresented in scholarly literature. Our study examines the past 10 years of studies published in highly-cited dermatologic journals, surveying each study for common data collection of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) in dermatological studies. We found representation of sexual and gender minorities to be increasing in dermatological studies but recommend that SOGI data be collected regularly just as any other common variable in dermatological patient studies.

The History of Surfactants and Review of Their Allergic and Irritant Properties.

Surfactants, many of which are used as detergents, can be found in many common household items, such as shampoos, conditioners, soaps, and cosmetics. One should recognize the multitude of surfactants that are used in today's products to identify any potential allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) or irritant contact dermatitis (ICD). Given their abundance in everyday products, it is understandable that many cases of occupational contact dermatitis that arise can be attributed to surfactants. The products most connected with ACD are cocamidopropyl betaine, oleamidopropyl dimethylamine, decyl glucoside, 3-dimethylaminopropylamine, amidoamine, and cocamide diethanolamine. Similarly, the most common surfactant-related causes of ICD are sodium lauryl sulfate and benzalkonium chloride. It is important for dermatologists to identify the causes and differentiate between the two, to adjust treatments and products accordingly. Here, the most frequently used surfactants, as well as their correlation between ACD and ICD, will be reviewed.

Response to "Assessing a Paradigm Shift: Perceptions of the USMLE Step 1 Scoring Change to Pass/Fail".

We commend Wei et al1 for highlighting the fundamental shift that dermatology program directors (PDs) and students alike will experience following the change of the USMLE Step 1 to pass/fail.

Global Burden of Skin Disease Representation in the Literature: Bibliometric Analysis.

BACKGROUND: The global burden of skin disease may be reduced through research efforts focused on skin diseases with the highest reported disability-adjusted life years. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the representation of dermatologic conditions comprising the highest disability-adjusted life years in dermatology literature to identify areas that could benefit from greater research focus. METHODS: The top 10 skin disorders according to their respective disability-adjusted life years as per the 2013 Global Burden of Disease were identified using previous studies. The top 5 dermatology journals ranked by the 2019 h-index were also identified. A PubMed search of each journal was performed using individual skin disease terms. From 2015 to 2020, all indexed publications pertaining to each disease were recorded and compared to the total number of publications for each journal surveyed. RESULTS: A total of 19,727 papers were published in the 5 journals over the span of 2015-2020. Although melanoma ranked as the eighth highest in disability-adjusted life years, it had the highest representation in the literature (1995/19,727, 10.11%). Melanoma was followed in representation by psoriasis (1936/19,727, 9.81%) and dermatitis (1927/19,727, 9.77%). These 3 conditions comprised a total of 29.69% (5858/19,727) of the total publications, while the remaining 7 skin conditions were represented by a combined 6.79% (1341/19,727) of the total publications. CONCLUSIONS: This research identifies gaps in the literature related to the top skin diseases contributing to the global burden of disease. Our study provides insight into future opportunities of focused research on less-studied skin diseases to potentially aid in reducing the global burden of skin disease.